This paper evaluates the dengue case notification, surveillance, laboratory facilities. Train learning network powered by the public health foundation. These may include a high fever, headache, vomiting, muscle and joint pains, and a characteristic skin rash. About one in four people infected with dengue will get sick. Dengue fever df is a disease caused by a virus that is transmitted to humans through the bites of mosquitoes cdc, 2014. Surveillance, emergency preparedness and response dengue. Dengue chapter 4 2020 yellow book travelers health. Dengue fever is an infectious, mosquitoborne disease found most often in the tropics and subtropics. In addition to these symptoms, the more severe form of the disease can lead to breathing difficulty, severe bleeding, shock, and possibly death. Symptoms include a high fever, headaches, joint and muscle pain, vomiting, and a rash. According to the centers for disease control cdc, dengue virus is prevalent throughout the tropics and subtropics subtropical areas. It causes up to 100 million infections and 25,000 deaths each year. Mild symptoms of dengue can be confused with other illnesses that cause fever, aches and pains, or a rash. Cdc blogs public health matters blog dengue fever sharing our stories on preparing for and responding to public health events.
Patients should be advised to stay well hydrated and to avoid aspirin acetylsalicylic acid, aspirincontaining drugs, and other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen because of their anticoagulant properties. Provided by the centers for disease control and prevention cdc. Guidance document for the completion of aphiscdc form 3 adobe pdf. Medlineplus en espanol tambien contiene enlaces a sitios web no gubernamentales. These viruses are related to the viruses that cause. Pdf dengue fever dengue epidemiology changes in indonesia. Symptoms typically begin three to fourteen days after infection. Dengue fever is a viral disease spread by mosquitoes. Nearly all dengue cases reported in the 48 contiguous us states were in travelers infected elsewhere. The prevention of and response to dengue and other arboviruses involve developing and implementing preparedness plans. Dengue fever 3 associated problems dengue can occasionally affect several other body systems,15 either in isolation or along with the classic dengue symptoms. What you should know about dengue fever dengue fever is a mosquito borne infection carried by several types of mosquito in the aedes genus. Dengue fever came into pakistan due to tire trading with srilanka and singapore. The aphiscdc form 3, incident notification and reporting, is used by entities to.
Before check for the specific test ordered by the doctor. Dengue is a mosquitoborne disease caused by any one of four closely related dengue viruses. To adequately determine what laboratory tests are necessary, correctly provide a clinical diagnosis and to assure that test results are received by the requesting physician, the following information is essential. Dengue chapter 4 2020 yellow book travelers health cdc.
Second dengue infection is worse than first, and what that. In angola, we worked on the outbreak response with local health officials, foreign governments, usaid, world health organization, and local non governmental organizations. Patients with clinical signs of dehydration and patients. The disease is rare in the united states, with approximately 200 cases occurring every year, but it is common worldwide, with up to 100,000 cases a year. I dont know how frequently it happens, but often, 2 months after the dengue fever occured, the patient starts losing hair. Dengue is commonly found in more than 100 countries today who, updated 2016, and more than 40% of the worlds population are at high risk for infection cdc, 2014. Patients with known or suspected dengue fever should have their platelet count and hematocrit measured daily from the third day of illness until 12 days after defervescence. For patients presenting 1 week after fever onset, an igm test is most useful. Dengue is common in more than 100 countries around the world.
Department of health and human services, public health service, centers for disease control and prevention. Dengue fever is a virus infection that is spread by the aedes aegypti mosquito and can cause severe disease especially in children. There tend to remain large numbers of susceptible people in the population despite previous outbreaks because there are four different strains of the dengue virus and because of new susceptible individuals entering the target population, either through childbirth or immigration. Introduction in the city of balikpapan, dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf is the leading cause of hospital admission for ages below 5 years of age and the fifth most common cause of death. Mar 12, 2020 dengue is an infection caused by a virus. Patients with known or suspected dengue fever should have their. Dengue viruses are spread to people through the bite of an infected aedes species ae. Symptoms of the disease include fever, headache, pain behind the eyes, muscle and joint pain, and rash. Centers for disease control and prevention cdc recommend using products shown to work in scientific trials and containing active ingredients registered with the us environmental protection agency epa for use as insect repellents on skin or clothing. Dengue fever is a mosquitoborne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. Comprehensive guidelines for prevention and control of dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever vii dengue fever is the fastest emerging arboviral infection spread by aedes mosquitoes with major public health consequences in over 100 tropical and subtropical countries in southeast asia, the western pacific and south and central america.
Dengue fever is a disease spread by the aedes aegypti mosquito and caused by one of four dengue viruses that are closely related. Clinical diagnosis what to look for when you evaluate patients for dhf how to treat dengue fever clinical management laboratory diagnosis epidemiology dengue is a mosquitoborne disease caused by any one of four closely related dengue viruses denv1, 2, 3, and 4. Centers for disease control and prevention office of public health scientific services ophss center for surveillance, epidemiology, and laboratory services csels. It is a caused by a flavivirus with four distinct serotypes dv1, dv2, dv3, and dv4. Travelers can prevent dengue you can buy products containing. Dengue is often a leading cause of illness in areas. Clinicians should consider dengue in a patient with a clinically compatible illness, and who lives in or recently traveled to a diseaseendemic area external icon in the 2 weeks before symptom onset patients typically present with acute onset of fever, headache, body aches, and sometimes rash spreading from the trunk. A risk to anyone traveling to a tropical or subtropical region of the world where dengue virus is found. Often occurs as large outbreaks with high attack rates. Living or traveling to a region of the world where the infection is endemic is a risk factor for the disease. However, there is overlap between these manifestations, as dengue is a spectrum of disease. Forty percent of the worlds population, about 3 billion people, live in areas with a risk of dengue. Significant outbreaks of dengue fever tend to occur every five or six years.
In november 2009, the world health organization who issued a new guideline that classifies symptomatic cases as dengue or severe dengue. Dengue fever is a viral illness passed to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito. Dengue fever also results in the deaths in pakistan. Dengue is a febrile illness that can have a fatal outcome in severe cases. Nov 30, 2016 dengue is a single disease with several different clinical presentations. According to the us centers for disease control and prevention cdc, worldwide. Dengue is the most common vectorborne viral disease in the world, and is endemic in at least 100 countries.
Clinical findings include nausea, vomiting, rash, aches and pains, a positive tourniquet test, leukopenia, and the following. Dengue fever is an infectious disease carried by mosquitoes and caused by any of four related dengue viruses. Dengue fever symptoms, causes, contagious, rash, prevention. Dengue fever is a viral infection caused by one or more of four serotypes of dengue virus causing a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations that. Mosquitoborne viral disease characterized by acute onset of fever and severe polyarthralgia.
Jul 18, 20 first, cdc is only ever involved in an outbreak response by formal invitation from the state or country in which the outbreak is occurring. The cdc dengue branch provides dengue testing free of cost to submitting physicians, state and private laboratories. Dengue is a viral disease spread through mosquito bites. Travelassociated and locally acquired dengue cases. Jan 27, 2016 a program for prevention and control of epidemic dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever in puerto rico and the u. For people who get sick with dengue, symptoms can be mild or severe. The presence of waterholding containers in and around the home needed for the mosquitos to complete their development sustains the reservoir for disease and is a risk factor. Dengue is common in the us territories of puerto rico, the us virgin islands, and american samoa.
Tell the client that there is no need to restrict foods and fluids. Public health responses to a dengue outbreak in a fragile. Dengue, dengue virus, dengue hemorrhagic fever, dengue fever, flavivirus, aedes mosquitoes, dhf, df, dss. Severe dengue can be lifethreatening within a few hours and often requires hospitalization. These should include early warning systems, epidemiological, entomological and environmental surveillance, laboratory support, clinical case management, vector control, environmental controls, risk communication and social mobilization. Dengue fever frequently asked questions faq for early.
Each year, an estimated 390 million people are infected. Laboratory diagnosis of yellow fever virus infection laboratory. Symptoms of the disease include fever, headache, pain behind the eyes, muscle and joint pain, and. Dengue fever is a major problem in tropical and subtropical.
The female of the species is usually the culprit and this particular mosquito. It is the fastestgrowing mosquitoborne viral infection in the world. According to the us centers for disease control and prevention cdc, worldwide, dengue fever cases number over 50 million annually. Dengue is a potentially fatal acute febrile illness caused by infection with any of four dengue viruses denv1, 2, 3, and 4. A program for prevention and control of epidemic dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever in puerto rico and the u. In addition, perinatal dengue transmission occurs when the mother is infected near the time of birth, in which infection occurs via. Dengue in the us states and territories dengue cdc. Clinicians should remain vigilant for and report suspected dengue cases to local health authorities. When the fever declines, symptoms including persistent vomiting, severe. Department of health and human services centers for. Around the time the fever begins to subside usually 37 days after symptom onset, the patient may develop warning signs of severe disease.
Responding to dengue fever water quality and health council. There are numerous policy challenges to providing an effective public health response system in a fragile state. Dengue is a major public health problem worldwide, where an estimated 400 million denv infections and 100 million clinically apparent dengue cases occurred in 2010. Symptoms include fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, rash, pain in the eyes, joints, and muscles, and minor bleeding. The number of patients affected with the dengue virus has now mounted to over 5,000 across pakistan. Dengue alaska department of health and social services.
In the united states, local dengue outbreaks most recently occurred in hawaii 2015, florida. The number of countries reporting dengue cases is increasing worldwide. The yellow fever virus yfv belongs to the genus flavivirus and is related to other. In the united states, local dengue outbreaks most recently occurred in hawaii 2015, florida pdf iconpdf 6 pagesexternal icon 20, and texas 20. Health experts have known about dengue fever for more than 200 years. Oral rehydration therapy is recommended for patients with moderate dehydration caused by high fever and vomiting. Dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome some patients with dengue fever go on to develop dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf, a severe and sometimes fatal form of the disease. A rather odd side effect that occurs in some patients is hardly ever mentioned. First, cdc is only ever involved in an outbreak response by formal invitation from the state or country in which the outbreak is occurring. Dengue fever can, in some cases, be lifethreatening. As the cdc points out, dengue hemorrhagic fever is characterized by a fever that lasts from 2 to 7 days, with general signs and symptoms consistent with dengue fever. It was previously classified into dengue fever df, dengue haemorrhagic fever dhf and dengue shock syndrome dss. Responding to dengue fever by ralph morris, md, mph in the wake of recent monsoons and flooding, mosquitoborne dengue fever is once again on the rise in the asia pacific region. Dengue fever this article was prepared to provide more.
If you are bitten by an infected mosquito, symptoms can take up to 2 weeks to develop but usually last less than a week. Dengue is the most common arthropodborne viral arboviral illness in. This disease used to be called breakbone fever because it sometimes causes severe joint and muscle pain that feels like bones are breaking. Travelers can prevent dengue centers for disease control. Dengue fever epidemiology and demographics wikidoc. Dengue causes illness that can range from a mild fever to a severe, even fatal condition. Dengue pronounced dengee fever is a painful, debilitating mosquitoborne disease caused by any one of four closely related dengue viruses. The viruses that cause dengue fever are related to those that. Take acetaminophen tylenol or panadol as needed for fever and pain. The impact of a second dengue infection can be amplified due to antibodies produced to fight off an earlier infection.
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